Alpine skiing: Downhill skiing, typically at ski resorts 

Balaclava: A mask that covers most of the head, leaving eyes and nose/mouth covered

Black Ice: A clear coating of ice on pavement/asphalt that is transparent and makes footing treacherous

Buffs: A tube of fabric that people wear as a neck covering that can be pulled up around the mouth and nose

Cross country skiing: Skiing on typically flat terrain

Feet warmers: Heat packs that can be applied to socks to keep feet warm, different from hand warmers

Flannel: A soft medium weight fabric that can be used for bed sheets and clothing

Fleece: Lightweight jacket that is made out of synthetic materials and great for layers

Frostbite: When a part of the body gets cold and loses sensation. 

Frostnip: A less severe version of frostbite

Gaiters: Another word for a buff

Hand warmers: Heat packs that can be put in gloves, different from feet warmers

Hypothermia: A medical condition when the body's temperature has reached dangerously low temperatures

Liners: Removable inserts that help add extra layers (and hopefully warmth) to shoes and gloves

Long-johns: A form of long underwear  

Long-underwear: An under layer that can be worn beneath clothes that is typically tight to the skin and made out of some moisture wicking material

Micro spikes: Spikes that can be added to footwear to increase traction on ice and snow

Nordic skiing: Another name for cross country skiing

Puffy: A quilted jacket that has down or synthetic insulation between sections of stitching for warmth

Sleet: A combination of rain and snow that makes driving treacherous

Snow boots: Water-resistant boots that have increased traction for walking on ice and snow along with lining for warmth

Sorrels: A well known brand name for snow boots

Whiteout conditions: A weather phenomenon when it is snowing/sleeting so heavily that it is completely white

Wool socks: Socks that are made out of wool therefore much more appropriate for winter

Yak Traks: A name for micro spikes

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